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CARPENTRY
BY
IRA SAMUEL GRIFFITH
Chairman of the Manual Arts Department
University of Missouri
THE MANUAL ARTS PRESS
PEORIA, ILLINOIS
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Copyright 1916 by
Ira Samuel Griffith
Fourth Edition, 1919-3-
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
To my father, whose patient instruction andforbearing oversight during the period of carpentryapprenticeship has made possible thepractical aspect of this present volume, gratefulacknowledgment is made.
Acknowledgment is also made of assistancederived from the various trade magazines andfrom the few books on carpentry.
Credit is due Mr. franklin G. Elwood,Peoria, for most of the excellent drawingswhich accompany and clarify the text. Anumber of the drawings were penciled byGordon Kellar, Boston. The photographs arethe work of James F. Barham, Columbia, Mo-.
I. S. G.
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PREFACE
IT is the author's hope that the following text may be of serviceto apprentices to the trade, to vocational and trade schoolstudents, and to manual training students. The author'sexperience as a carpenter leads him to feel that not a few journeymancarpenters may find their horizon widened and their usefulnessas framers of the unusual roof increased by a study of Chapter IVwhere an effort has been made to indicate how the principles involvedin framing the square and octagonal roof may be "generalized"so as to make possible their application to roofs of anynumber of sides. Beyond this, the book makes claims to beingnothing more than an elementary treatise of the essentials ofcarpentry.
No apology is offered for making use of trigonometric solutionsof plane right triangles as a basis for developing generalized roofframing principles in Chapter IV. There is absolutely nothing inthe use of natural trigonometric functions to prevent their introductionearly in the mathematical experience of a boy, exceptacademic tradition. The author has made use of this mathematicaltool with upper grammar grade boys with less effort upontheir part in mastering the principles than was expended in masteringsquare root. The ease with which roof framing problems lendthemselves to solution by the use of natural trigonometric functionsand the readiness with which problems may be generalized therebyhas emboldened the author to make use of it in a text as elementaryas this. No previous knowledge of trigonometry is presupposed,the Appendix provides all the information required for the solutionof any problem given herein.
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Should a reader, because of lack of time or for any other cause,not care to consider more than roof framing of the square corneredbuilding, he will find a complete treatise in Chapter III without