HISTORY OF DOGMA

BY

DR. ADOLPH HARNACK

ORDINARY PROF. OF CHURCH HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY, AND FELLOW OFTHE ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, BERLIN

TRANSLATED FROM THE THIRD GERMAN EDITION

BY

NEIL BUCHANAN

VOL. II.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I.—Historical Survey

The Old and New Elements in the formation of theCatholic Church; The fixing of that which is Apostolic (Rule of Faith,Collection of Writings, Organization, Cultus);The Stages in the Genesis of the Catholic Rule of Faith,the Apologists;Irenæus, Tertullian, Hippolytus;Clement and Origen;Obscurities in reference to the origin of the most importantInstitutions;Difficulties in determining the importance of individualPersonalities;Differences of development in the Churches of differentcountries.

I. FIXING AND GRADUAL SECULARISING OF CHRISTIANITY AS ACHURCH

CHAPTER II.—The setting up of the Apostolic Standardsfor Ecclesiastical Christianity. The Catholic Church

A. The transformation of the Baptismal Confession intothe Apostolic Rule of Faith

Necessities for setting up the Apostolic Rule of Faith;The Rule of Faith is the Baptismal Confession definitelyinterpreted;Estimate of this transformation;Irenæus;Tertullian;Results of the transformation;Slower development in Alexandria: Clement and Origen.

B. The designation of selected writings read in the Churchesas New Testament Scriptures or, in other words, as acollection of Apostolic Writings

Plausible arguments against the statement that up to theyear 150 there was no New Testament in the Church;Sudden emergence of the New Testament in the MuratorianFragment, in (Melito) Irenæus and Tertullian;Conditions under which the New Testament originated;Relation of the New Testament to the earlier writingsthat were read in the Churches;Causes and motives for the formation of the Canon,manner of using and results of the New Testament;The Apostolic collection of writings can be proved atfirst only in those Churches in which we find theApostolic Rule of Faith; probably there was no NewTestament in Antioch about the year 200, nor inAlexandria (Clement);Probable history of the genesis of the New Testamentin Alexandria up to the time of Origen;ADDENDUM. The results which the creation of the NewTestament produced in the following period.

C. The transformation of the Episcopal Office in theChurch into an Apostolic Office. The History of theremodelling of the conception of the Church

The legitimising of the Rule of Faith by the Communitieswhich were founded by the Apostles;By the "Elders";By the Bishops of Apostolic Churches (disciples of Apostles);By the Bishops as such, who have received the ApostolicCharisma veritatis;Excursus on the conceptions of the Alexandrians;The Bishops as successors of the Apostles;Original idea of the Church as the Holy Communitythat comes from Heaven and is destined for it;The Church as the empiric Catholic Communion restingon the Law of Faith;Obscurities in the idea of the Church as held by Irenæusand Tertullian;By Clement and Origen;Transition to the Hierarchical idea of the Church;The Hierarchical idea of the Church: Calixtus and Cyprian;Appendix I. Cyprian's idea of the Church and the actualcircumstances;Appendix II. Church and Heresy;Appendix III. Uncertainties regarding the consequencesof the new idea of the Church.

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