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Transcriber's Note:
Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully aspossible.
Larger versions of the picture of Hunstanton Cliff and the plates may be seen by clicking on the images.
The Geologists' Association.
ON
THE RED CHALK OF ENGLAND.
BY
THE REV. THOS. WILTSHIRE, M.A. F.G.S.
PRESIDENT OF THE GEOLOGISTS' ASSOCIATION.
A PAPER READ AT
THE GENERAL MEETING,
4TH APRIL, 1859.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE ASSOCIATION,
AND
PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICE OF "THE GEOLOGIST," 154, STRAND.
1859.
 LIST OF PLATES.
 Plate I.
Fig.
  1. Inoceramus Coquandianus, from Speeton.
  2. Fragment of Inoceramus, striated by glacial action, Muswell Hill.
  3. Nautilus simplex, Hunstanton.
  4. Inoceramus Crispii, Hunstanton.
  5. I. tenuis, Hunstanton.
 Plate II.
  1. Spongia paradoxica, Hunstanton.
  2. Siphonia pyriformis, Hunstanton.
  3. Cardiaster suborbicularis, Hunstanton.
  4. Ostrea frons, Muswell Hill.
  5. O. vesicularis, Hunstanton.
  6. Exogyra haliotoidea, Hunstanton.
  7. Cytherella ovata, Speeton.
  8. Cristellaria rotulata, Speeton.
  9. Trochocyathus (?) ——, Hunstanton.
 Plate III.
  1. 1a. Vermicularia elongata. Upper and under surface of two differentspecimens, Speeton.
  2. Vermicularia umbonata, Hunstanton.
  3. Serpula irregularis, Hunstanton.
  4. S. antiquata, Hunstanton.
  5. Bourgueticrinus rugosus, Hunstanton.
  6. Diadema tumidum, Hunstanton.
  7. Cidaris Gaultina (?), Hunstanton.
 Plate IV.
  1. Terebratula biplicata, 1a. mag. surface, Hunstanton.
  2. T. semiglobosa, 2a. mag. surface, Speeton.
  3. Kingena lima, 3a. mag. surface, Hunstanton.
  4. Terebratula capillata, 4a. mag. surface, Hunstanton.
  5. Belemnites attenuatus, Hunstanton.
  6. B. Listeri, Speeton.
  7. B. ultimus, Speeton.
  8. B. minimus, Speeton.
[Pg 1]
ON THE RED CHALK OF ENGLAND
A Paper read 4th April, by Rev. Thomas Wiltshire, M.A., F.G.S.,Etc., President.
Persons in general take as the type or representative of chalk thematerial which mechanics employ for tracing out rough lines and figures.It is a substance of a bright white colour, somewhat yielding to thetouch, and capable of being very easily abraded or rubbed down.
But the geologist gives a much wider interpretation to the term, notlimiting it by these few characteristics; and, accordingly, he includesunder the same title many strata which would hardly be so groupedtogether by the uninitiated.
For instance, there is at the base of the upper portion of thecretaceous system a certain hard, often pebbly, and highly colouredband, which, notwithstanding its great departure from the popular type,is nevertheless styled in geological language the "Red Chalk." Thisstratum, the subject of the present paper, nowhere forms a mass ofany great thickness or extent; perhaps if thirty feet be taken as itsmaximum of thickness,                        
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