ATOMS, NATURE, and MAN

ATOMS, NATURE, and MAN
Man-made Radioactivity in the Environment

by Neal O. Hines

The Understanding the Atom Series

Nuclear energy is playing a vital role in the life of everyman, woman, and child in the United States today. In theyears ahead it will affect increasingly all the peoples of theearth. It is essential that all Americans gain an understandingof this vital force if they are to discharge thoughtfully theirresponsibilities as citizens and if they are to realize fully themyriad benefits that nuclear energy offers them.

The United States Atomic Energy Commission providesthis booklet to help you achieve such understanding.

Signature of Edward J. Brunenkant

Edward J. Brunenkant, DirectorDivision of Technical Information

UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, Chairman
James T. Ramey
Wilfrid E. Johnson
Dr. Theos J. Thompson
Dr. Clarence E. Larson

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 1
SOME PRELIMINARY IDEAS 2
A VIEW IN PERSPECTIVE, 1946-1963 8
THE ATOM IN ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 20
ENVIRONMENTS—SINGULAR, YET PARTS OF A WHOLE 29
PROBLEMS AND PROJECTS 41
WHERE ARE WE NOW? 52
SUGGESTED REFERENCES 55

United States Atomic Energy Commission
Division of Technical Information

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-61322
1966

THE COVER
Scientists aboard a seagoing vessel prepare to studycontents of a plankton net as part of their research into radioactivity in anoceanic environment.

THE AUTHOR
NEAL O. HINES is an established writer and experienced academicadministrator with an unusual background in radiobiological surveysof the Pacific Ocean atomic test sites. He holds degrees fromIndiana and Northwestern Universities. A former journalismteacher at the University of California and Assistant to the Presidentof the University of Washington, Mr. Hines also worked for anumber of years with the Laboratory of Radiation Biology of theUniversity of Washington, where he served from 1961-1963 as administrativeassistant and as Executive Secretary of the AdvisoryCouncil on Nuclear Energy and Radiation for the State of Washington.He was a member of the survey teams visiting Bikini andEniwetok in 1949 and 1956 and Christmas Island in 1962. His“Bikini Report” (Scientific Monthly, February 1951) was one ofthe earliest descriptions of radiobiological studies in the Pacific.He is

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