THE

DESCENT OF MAN,

AND

SELECTION IN RELATION TO SEX.

By CHARLES DARWIN, M.A., F.R.S., &c.

IN TWO VOLUMES.—Vol. I.

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS.

LONDON:
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.
1871.

[The right of Translation is reserved.]

BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURALSELECTION; or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Strugglefor Life; Fifth Edition (Tenth Thousand), with Additions and Corrections.1869. Murray.

THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDERDOMESTICATION. In two vols. With Illustrations. 1868. Murray.

ON THE VARIOUS CONTRIVANCES by which BRITISHAND FOREIGN ORCHIDS ARE FERTILISED BY INSECTS; and on theGood Effects of Crossing. With numerous Woodcuts. Murray.

A NATURALIST‘S VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD; or,A Journal of Researches into the Natural History and Geology of theCountries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. ‘Beagle,’ under the command ofCaptain FitzRoy, R.N. Eleventh Thousand. Murray.

ON THE STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF CORALREEFS. Smith, Elder, & Co.

GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON VOLCANIC ISLANDS.Smith, Elder, & Co.

GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON SOUTH AMERICA.Smith, Elder & Co.

A MONOGRAPH OF THE CIRRIPEDIA. With numerousIllustrations. 2 vols. 8vo. Hardwicke.

ON THE MOVEMENTS AND HABITS OF CLIMBINGPLANTS. With Woodcuts. Williams & Norgate.


LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,AND CHARING CROSS.

v

CONTENTS.


IntroductionPage 1-5

PART I.

ON THE DESCENT OF MAN

CHAPTER I.
The Evidence of the Descent of man from someLower form.
Nature of the evidence bearing on the origin of man—Homologousstructures in man and the lower animals—Miscellaneous pointsof correspondence—Development—Rudimentary structures,muscles, sense-organs, hair, bones, reproductive organs, &c.—Thebearing of these three great classes of facts on the origin ofman 9-33
CHAPTER II.
Comparison of the Mental Powers of Man and theLower Animals.
The difference in mental power between the highest ape and thelowest savage, immense—Certain instincts in common—Theemotions—Curiosity—Imitation—Attention—Memory—Imagination—Reason—Progressiveimprovement—Tools andweapons used by animals—Language—Self-consciousness—Senseof beauty—Belief in God
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